ACA一级：皮艇运动介绍（技术课程范本）

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Course Overview: The Introduction to Kayaking course is designed as a shortemphasizing safety, enjoyment and skill acquisition for entry-level individualsin public, private and commercial settings.
概述：本皮划艇运动介绍课程适合入门划艇个人来学习来安全而且享受地在和缓的河流上划艇。


This courseis appropriate for all kayak craft, including traditional decked kayaks, inflatablesand sit on tops. It is assumed the boats will be paddled solo. The instructormay want to limit this program to one type of craft, but should announce thisprior to the start of the course.
这个课适用于所有皮艇，包括传统有甲板的皮艇，充气艇和平台艇。假定这些艇是单人划的。指导员可以限定一种艇，但应在课程开始前声明。


Essential Eligibility Criteria (EEC):
基本资格标准（EEC）：
ACA coursesare open to all individuals who acknowledge the ability to perform thefollowing essential eligibility criteria.
ACA的课程对所有具备以下基本资格条件的个人开放：


1.     Breatheindependently (i.e., not require medical devices to sustain breathing)
能自主呼吸（即不用医疗设备来保持呼吸）


2.     Independentlymaintain sealed airway passages while under water
在水下能自主地闭气


3.     Independentlyhold head upright without neck / head support
不用头颈支撑物能自主保持头部直立


4.     Managepersonal care independently or with assistance of a companion
生活能自理，或在同伴帮助下自理


5.     Managepersonal mobility independently or with a reasonable amount of assistance
能独立自主行动，或只需少许帮助能自主行动


6.     Followinstructions and effectively communicate independently or with assistance of acompanion
能听讲，且能自主沟通，或在同帮助下能沟通


7.     Independentlyturn from face-down to face-up and remain floating face up while wearing aproperly fitted life jacket*
在穿着合适救生衣的情况下能自主由脸朝下转向脸朝上并保持脸朝上浮起姿态*


8.     Getin / out of a paddlecraft independently or with a reasonable amount ofassistance*
能自主进出艇只，或只需要少许帮助*


9.     Independentlyget out and from under a capsized paddlecraft*
能自主从倾覆的艇只里出来*


10. Reenterthe paddlecraft following deep water capsize independently or with a reasonableamount of assistance*
深水区域翻艇后能自主重新进入，或只需少许帮助*


11. Maintaina safe body position while attempting skills, activities and rescues listed inthe appropriate Course Outline, and have the ability to recognize and identifyto others when such efforts would be unsafe given your personal situation*
在尝试适用课程大纲所列的技术，活动和救援时能保持安全的身体姿态，并且根据自身身体条件能判断出哪些尝试对自己不安全，并能向别人指出*


* Toparticipate in adaptive programs, participants must acknowledge only the firstsix EEC listed above. Entry-level adaptive programs will involve teaching andpracticing EEC #7-11.
*对于参加残障课程的人士，只需要满足上列前6项EEC。入门级别的残障课程会涉及EEC#7-11的教学和练习。


Course Prerequisites: None
课程前提条件：无



Instructors: ACA Level 1: Introduction to KayakInstructor (or higher)
指导员：ACA一级：皮艇运动介绍指导员（或更高级别）


Course Duration: 6 to 8 hours
培训时间：6到8小时


Course Location / Venue: Calm, flat water, protected fromwind, waves and outside boat traffic, with no apparent current and withinswimming distance of shore.
课程地点/场地：平静，平水，挡风，挡浪，远离水上交通，没有明显的水流并且离岸在游泳距离内。


Class Ratio: 5 students : 1 Instructor; with anadditional instructor or qualified assistant the ratio can be 10 : 2
班级比例：5学生：1指导员；多一个指导员或一个合格的助手，比例可以是10：2


Succeeding courses:
Level 2: Essentialsof River Kayaking
Level 3: RiverKayaking
后续课程：
2级：河流皮艇基础
3级：河流皮艇


Thefollowing is a general summary of course content for the Introduction to Kayaking course. The content covered andsequence of instruction should be adjusted to best fit the participant’s needs,class location and time allowance.
以下是本河流皮艇基础课程内容的概要。涵盖的内容与教学的顺序应根据参与者的需求，上课的地点，和可利用的时间来调整。


Note: Use ofsprayskirts is not part of the Introduction to Kayak Curriculum.
注：使用挡水裙不是皮划艇运动介绍课程的一部分。

Course Content
课程内容


Introduction, Expectations, &Logistics:
介绍，期望值，和后勤
·        Welcome,introductions, paperwork
欢迎，介绍，签署文件
·        Student& instructor course expectations and limitations
学员以及指导员的课程期望和限制条件
·        Courseitinerary & site logistics
课程安排和场地后勤
·        Reviewwaiver, assumption of risk, challenge by choice, medical disclosure
重温免责条款，宣示风险，可选的挑战性，医疗信息披露
·        Aboutthe ACA
ACA介绍
·        PFDpolicy (always wear on water)
救生衣政策（水上一直穿着救生衣）
·        Appropriatepersonal behavior
恰当的个人行为

o  Noalcohol / substance abuse

禁止酗酒和吸毒

o  Respectprivate property

尊重私人领地

o  PracticeLeave No Trace ethics

实行“不留痕迹”伦理

The Paddling Environment:
划艇环境：
·        Wind
风
·        Waves
浪
·        Weather
天气
·        Water
水


Personal Preparation:
个人准备：
·        Personalability
个人能力
·        Swimmingability
游泳能力
·        Watercomfort & confidence
水上舒适和自信
·        Fitness,conditioning, and warm up
身体素质，训练，和热身
·        Safepaddle and boat handling
安全的桨和艇只处理
·        Safetyand rescue considerations
安全和救援考虑
·        Personalequipment (reviewed by Instructor)
个人装备（由指导员检查）
·        Judgment.In addition to learning hard skills, the importance of developing personaljudgment and group responsibility increases on more difficult paddling venues.
判断。除了学习硬技术，发展个人判断能力的重要性和在难度更大的场所中团体责任增加。


Getting Started:
开始：
·        PersonalEquipment

·        Kayak:types & parts

皮艇：种类和部件

·        Paddle:types, parts, length, and hand position

桨：种类，部件，长度，和手的位置

·        Lifejackets(PFDs): fit and regulations

救生衣：调整和法规

·        Appropriateclothing: comfortable / protective

合适的服装：舒适/有保护作用

·        Care of equipment
装备保管
·        AdditionalPersonal and Group Equipment:
额外个人和团队装备：

·        Extrapaddle, bilge pump, sling, dry bags, maps, water, food, sponge, hat, eyeglassstrap, whistle, foot protections, bug spray, sunscreen, first aid kit andlocation of equipment.

备用桨，吸水泵，吊绳，地图，水，食物，海绵，帽子，眼镜绳，口哨，护脚鞋，防蚊喷剂，防晒霜，急救包和装备存放位置。

·        Warmup to reduce injury
热身减少伤害
·        Kayakcarries
携带艇
·        Loadingand unloading, racks, tie down
装车和卸车，车顶架，紧固
·        Demousing straps or line and knots to secure craft to vehicle
示范用坚固带和绳结来固定艇只在车上
·        Launchingand landing from land or docks
从岸上和码头出发和靠岸
·        KayakTrim
座位位置调整
·        Posture,rocking, balance
身体姿势，前后摇动，平衡
·        BasicTerminology
基本术语
·        Outfitting
调整
·        Land& water etiquette
陆上和水上礼节

Rescue
救援

All participants are to be asked to demonstrate a controlledcapsize and an appropriate rescue.

所有学员将被要求做一次有控制地翻船和合适的救援

·        Waterconfidence and comfort
水上自信和舒适
·        Controlledcapsize / wet exits
有控制地翻船或湿脱逃
·        Swimthe boat to shore (short distance)
带艇游泳靠岸（短距离）
·        Howto empty a kayak
怎么控干艇
·        Deepwater exit / re-entry
深水区脱艇/ 重新上艇
·        AssistedRescues
有协助救援

- Reenter & Pump

重新上艇和抽水

- T / X-rescue

T形/ X形救援

·        RescueAides
救援辅助方法

- Sling

吊绳

- Heel hook

脚跟钩

- Others

其它

Maneuvers
机动

·        Spin:boat pivots in place

水平转：艇只原地沿中轴转动

·        Abeam:boat moves sideways without headway

横向移动且没有纵向移动

·        Forward:boat goes forward in a reasonably straight line

前进：船只大致沿直线前进

·        Stopping:boat stops within a reasonable distance

停止：艇只在合理距离内停止

Strokes
桨法

·        Forward

前进桨

·        Back(stopping)

倒退桨（停止）

·        Draw

拉桨

·        Scullingdraw/brace

摇拉桨/ 支撑桨

·        Sweep(includingStern Draw)

扫桨（包括艇尾拉桨）

·        ReverseSweep

后扫桨

·        Rudder

舵桨

·        Lowbrace to avoid capsize

低位支撑防止倾覆

Conclusion & Wrap Up:
结论和结语：

·        Groupdebrief / Individual feedback

团队汇报 / 个人反馈

·        Courselimitations

课程限制

·        Importanceof First Aid & CPR

急救和CPR的重要性

·        Importanceof additional instruction, practice, experience

额外的指导，练习，经验的重要性

·        Importanceof appropriate level of safety & rescue training

合适的安全和救援训练的重要性

·        Demoadvanced maneuvers

演示高级机动

·        Lifesport / Paddling options

生活运动/划艇的选择

·        Localpaddling groups / Clubs

当地的划船团体/俱乐部

·        Handouts/ Reference materials

分发资料 / 参考资料

·        ACAMembership forms

ACA会员表

·        Courseevaluation

课程考评

·        Participationcards